{"id":1298,"date":"2020-09-18T10:31:57","date_gmt":"2020-09-18T12:31:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.metida.lt\/?p=1298"},"modified":"2026-09-02T13:08:04","modified_gmt":"2026-09-02T15:08:04","slug":"aplinkos-issaugojimas-ir-technlogijos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/svetainiuperkelimas.eu\/metida\/aplinkos-issaugojimas-ir-technlogijos\/","title":{"rendered":"Aplinkos i\u0161saugojimas ir technologijos: \u017ealieji patentai"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Aplinkos i\u0161saugojimas \u2013 viena did\u017eiausi\u0173 \u0161i\u0173 laik\u0173 \u017emonijos u\u017eduo\u010di\u0173, tod\u0117l svarbi kiekviena sritis, ypa\u010d i\u0161skiriant transport\u0105. Aplinkos i\u0161saugojimas ir technologijos – \u0161ios dvi sritys yra raktas, norint ateityje padaryti didesn\u012f poveik\u012f aplinkosaugai. Kaip vienas \u017eali\u0173j\u0173 technologij\u0173 \u0161ioje sferoje pavyzd\u017ei\u0173 \u2013 savivald\u017eiai automobiliai. Jie gali itin reik\u0161mingai prisid\u0117ti prie ekologijos. \u0160i\u0173 automobili\u0173 ateitimi tiki ir tam prad\u0117jo intensyviai ruo\u0161tis daug su tuo susijusi\u0173 stambi\u0173 pramon\u0117s atstov\u0173. T\u0105 liudija ir pateikiam\u0173 patent\u0173 skai\u010dius, apie kuriuos pla\u010diau komentuoja dr. Jacekas Antulis<\/a>, METIDA patent\u0173 teis\u0117s skyriaus vadovas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ma\u017e\u0117jo d\u0117mesys energijai i\u0161 saul\u0117s technologij\u0173: aplinkos i\u0161saugojimas nebeaktualu?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

2018 m. rugs\u0117j\u012f Pasaulio intelektin\u0117s nuosavyb\u0117s organizacija (PINO) paskelb\u0117 ataskait\u0105<\/a>. Joje minima, kad \u017eali\u0173j\u0173 technologij\u0173 patent\u0173 parai\u0161k\u0173 skai\u010dius, iki 2012 met\u0173 ai\u0161kiai kil\u0119s, stabtel\u0117jo. 2013 ir 2014 metais dideli\u0173 poky\u010di\u0173, susijusi\u0173 su parai\u0161k\u0173 skai\u010diumi, nebuvo. Prie\u0161 trejus ir ketverius metus patent\u0173 parai\u0161k\u0173 skai\u010dius krito. Pernai pasteb\u0117tas ne\u017eymus did\u0117jimas. Aplinkos i\u0161saugojimas ir technologijos – vis dar labai aktuali tema patentuojantiems i\u0161rad\u0117jams.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paanalizavus ataskaitoje patiekiamus duomenis, matyti, kad svarbiausias faktorius, l\u0117m\u0119s bendr\u0105 \u017eali\u0173j\u0173 technologij\u0173 parai\u0161k\u0173 kritim\u0105 \u2013 energijos i\u0161 saul\u0117s technologij\u0173 patent\u0173 parai\u0161k\u0173 kritimas. Ko gero, svarbiausia energijos i\u0161 saul\u0117s technologijos r\u016b\u0161is \u2013 fotovoltin\u0117s baterijos \u2013 pasiek\u0117 pakankam\u0105 brandos lyg\u012f. \u0160ios technologijos kaina pastaruoju metu drasti\u0161kai krito, o \u012fdiegiam\u0173 fotovoltini\u0173 baterij\u0173 skai\u010diai greitai kyla. Fotovoltini\u0173 baterij\u0173 technologija tampa brandi, pigi \u012fdiegti, paprasta pri\u017ei\u016br\u0117ti. Tai gali b\u016bti prie\u017eastimi, kod\u0117l nei\u0161rasta ko nors naujo, o tuo pa\u010diu tai l\u0117m\u0117 ir parai\u0161k\u0173 skai\u010diaus ma\u017e\u0117jim\u0105 \u0161ioje srityje. Tik\u0117kim\u0117s, iki kito esminio prover\u017eio toje srityje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Savivald\u017ei\u0173 automobili\u0173 patent\u0173 parai\u0161k\u0173 prover\u017eis – teigiama \u012ftaka aplinkos i\u0161saugojimui ir technologijoms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

2018 lapkrit\u012f Europos patent\u0173 tarnyba (EPT) paskelb\u0117 ataskait\u0105, kurioje skelbia ai\u0161k\u0173 prover\u017e\u012f, susijus\u012f su patent\u0173 parai\u0161k\u0173 skai\u010diumi. Ta sritis, patirianti ai\u0161k\u0173 prover\u017e\u012f, \u2013 savivald\u017eiai automobiliai (self driving vehicles (SDV)). Nors \u0161ios srities patent\u0173 parai\u0161kos sudaro apie 2,4 proc. vis\u0173 EPO gaunam\u0173 patent\u0173 parai\u0161k\u0173, \u0161ios srities patent\u0173 parai\u0161k\u0173 skai\u010dius nuo 2011 met\u0173 iki 2017 met\u0173 kilo beveik 4 kartus. Tai yra apie 20 kart\u0173 didesnis kilimas nei bendras parai\u0161k\u0173 \u012f EPO kiekio kilimas. Pana\u0161\u0173 prover\u017e\u012f \u0161ioje srityje stebi ir JAV patent\u0173 biuras (USPTO), kiti didesni patent\u0173 biurai (Japonijos, Kor\u0117jos, Kinijos) dar \u0161iek tiek atsilieka. \u017dvelgiant giliau \u012f geografinius parai\u0161k\u0173 aspektus, ai\u0161kiai pirmaujanti \u0161alis Europoje \u2013 Vokietija. Antroji, atsiliekanti parai\u0161k\u0173 skai\u010diumi nuo pirmosios \u0161alies beveik 3 kartus, \u2013 Pranc\u016bzija, toliau \u2013 \u0160vedija.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Visose savivald\u017ei\u0173 automobili\u0173 patent\u0173 parai\u0161kose EPO i\u0161skiria 5 temines grupes. Jos yra steb\u0117jimas, analiz\u0117 ir sprendim\u0173 pri\u0117mimas; duomen\u0173 apdorojimas; automobilio valdymas; komunikacij\u0173, ry\u0161i\u0173 technika; i\u0161manioji logistika. Visos 5 pamin\u0117tos temin\u0117s grup\u0117s tarpusavyje pasi\u017eymi pana\u0161iais parai\u0161k\u0173 skai\u010diais ir j\u0173 dinamika. Gal steb\u0117jimas, analiz\u0117 ir sprendim\u0173 pri\u0117mimas savivald\u017eiams automobiliams kiek i\u0161siskiria didesniu parai\u0161k\u0173 skai\u010diumi, nors, kita vertus, b\u016btent \u0161i sritis yra visai nauja technikos istorijoje, iki \u0161iol netur\u0117jusi poreikio aktyvesniam vystymuisi. Visos kitos temin\u0117s grup\u0117s (duomen\u0173 apdorojimas; automobilio valdymas; komunikacij\u0173 ir  ry\u0161i\u0173 technika; i\u0161manioji logistika) jau buvo analizuojamos vystomos ir pritaikomos kitose pana\u0161iose srityse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aplinkos i\u0161saugojimas ir technologijos: ateitis \u010dia pat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0160\u012f teigin\u012f tarsi pagrind\u017eia did\u017eiausi parei\u0161k\u0117jai: \u201eSamsung group\u201c, \u201eLG group\u201c, \u201eIntel corp\u201c, \u201eQualcomm inc.\u201c (komunikacij\u0173 ir ry\u0161i\u0173 technika; duomen\u0173 apdorojimas). Parei\u0161k\u0117jai i\u0161 automobili\u0173 pramon\u0117s rikiuojasi kiek \u017eemiau: \u201eRobert Bosch GMBH\u201c, \u201eToyota Motor corp\u201c. Kaip ir likusieji didesni parei\u0161k\u0117jai, \u012f \u0161i\u0105 nauj\u0105 srit\u012f jie ateina d\u0117l savo esamos veiklos, kuri\u0105 nesud\u0117tingai galima pritaikyti naujai savivald\u017ei\u0173 automobili\u0173 sri\u010diai. Tai taip pat pagrind\u017eia tem\u0173 geografinis pasiskirstymas: kaip min\u0117ta, JAV ir Europa pasi\u017eymi ai\u0161kiu prover\u017eiu, kalbant apie savivald\u017ei\u0173 automobili\u0173 patent\u0173 parai\u0161k\u0173 skai\u010di\u0173. JAV, tur\u0117dama daug kompiuteri\u0173 technikos gigant\u0173, ai\u0161kiai krypsta \u012f duomen\u0173 apdorojim\u0105, ry\u0161i\u0173 ir komunikacij\u0173 technik\u0105 ir kit\u0173 kompiuteri\u0173 technikos sri\u010di\u0173 pritaikymui savivald\u017eiams automobiliams. Tuo metu Europoje dominuoja savivald\u017ei\u0173 automobili\u0173 sprendimai, ateinantys i\u0161 esamos automobili\u0173 pramon\u0117s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Savivald\u017eiai automobiliai \u2013 ateitis?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

EPO ataskaita pateikia, kad savivald\u017ei\u0173 automobili\u0173 patent\u0173 parai\u0161k\u0173 parei\u0161k\u0117j\u0173 skai\u010dius yra didelis. Nors daugiausiai parai\u0161k\u0173 padav\u0119 du parei\u0161k\u0117jai i\u0161siskiria i\u0161 minios, ta\u010diau lik\u0119 parei\u0161k\u0117jai nepasi\u017eymi dideliu skirtumu, susijusiu su patent\u0173 parai\u0161k\u0173 skai\u010diumi. Tai bylot\u0173, kad \u0161is parai\u0161k\u0173 prover\u017eis n\u0117ra trumpalaikis, greitai u\u017eg\u0119stantis ir liekantis technikos istorijos para\u0161t\u0117se. Savivald\u017ei\u0173 automobili\u0173 ateitimi tiki ir tam prad\u0117jo intensyviai ruo\u0161tis daug su tuo susijusi\u0173 stambi\u0173 susijusios pramon\u0117s atstov\u0173, beveik n\u0117ra nauj\u0173, tik \u0161iai temai sukurt\u0173 \u017eaid\u0117j\u0173.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaip min\u0117ta, \u017eali\u0173j\u0173 technologij\u0173 patentavimas lyg ir i\u0161sikv\u0117p\u0117, bet, kaip sakoma, gamtoje neb\u016bna tu\u0161tumos: vienai technikos sri\u010diai sul\u0117tinus vystym\u0105si, kitoje vyksta prover\u017eis. Savivald\u017eiai automobiliai neabejotinai priskirtini prie \u017eali\u0173j\u0173 technologij\u0173, prisidedan\u010di\u0173 prie aplinkos i\u0161saugojimo. Vieno techninio aspekto pakeitimas (automobilio valdym\u0105 perdavus technikai), pana\u0161u, tur\u0117s \u012ftakos dideliems poslinkiams, kaip naudosim\u0117s automobiliais, o tuo pa\u010diu ir m\u016bs\u0173 gyvenimo b\u016bdui ir supan\u010diai aplinkai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Aplinkos i\u0161saugojimas \u2013 viena did\u017eiausi\u0173 \u0161i\u0173 laik\u0173 \u017emonijos u\u017eduo\u010di\u0173, tod\u0117l svarbi kiekviena sritis, ypa\u010d i\u0161skiriant transport\u0105. plinkos i\u0161saugojimas ir technologijos – \u0161ios dvi sritys yra raktas, norint ateityje padaryti didesn\u012f poveik\u012f aplinkosaugai. Kaip vienas \u017eali\u0173j\u0173 technologij\u0173 \u0161ioje sferoje pavyzd\u017ei\u0173 \u2013 savivald\u017eiai automobiliai, kurie gali itin reik\u0161mingai prisid\u0117ti prie ekologijos. \u0160i\u0173 automobili\u0173 ateitimi tiki ir tam prad\u0117jo intensyviai ruo\u0161tis daug su tuo susijusi\u0173 stambi\u0173 pramon\u0117s atstov\u0173. T\u0105 liudija ir pateikiam\u0173 patent\u0173 skai\u010dius, apie kuriuos pla\u010diau komentuoja dr. Eugenijus Keras, METIDA Informacini\u0173 technologij\u0173 departamento vadovas.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":1338,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_gspb_post_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,242],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1298","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-naujienos","category-patentai"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":8}},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nAplinkos i\u0161saugojimas ir technologijos: \u017ealieji patentai<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u017dali\u0173j\u0173 patent\u0173 tikslas - skatinti aplinkosaug\u0105. 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